{"id":1902,"date":"2020-11-23T19:44:39","date_gmt":"2020-11-24T00:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/?post_type=ht_kb&#038;p=1902"},"modified":"2025-04-24T16:29:06","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T20:29:06","slug":"how-to-create-an-ssh-key-and-connect-to-an-account","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/knowledge-base\/how-to-create-an-ssh-key-and-connect-to-an-account\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Create an SSH Key and Connect to an Account Remotely"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The use of SSH keys is of utmost importance in regards to safety on the Web. They allow you to safely execute commands on a server remotely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before beginning this article, we will briefly explain the SSH protocol. Then, we will cover the section <strong>Files<\/strong>, <strong>SSH Connections<\/strong> in N0C, and explain how to create SSH to access the terminal and to do command lines remotely. We will conclude this article by explaining how to create an SSH key with various operating systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We will mainly cover information for intermediate users. However, remote command lines will be of more interest to advanced users.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-ht-blocks-messages wp-block-hb-message wp-block-hb-message--withicon is-style-danger\">The <strong>port<\/strong> setting for fields or command lines varies depending on the type of hosting you have. Unless otherwise informed, use <strong>5022<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-ht-blocks-messages wp-block-hb-message wp-block-hb-message--withicon is-style-info\"><strong>Note<\/strong>: This article does not cover password login to the hosting account management platform. You should refer to your hosting provider&#8217;s documentation to find out how to obtain the detailed information for each hosting account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-ht-blocks-messages wp-block-hb-message wp-block-hb-message--withicon is-style-info\"><strong>Note :<\/strong> <meta charset=\"utf-8\">The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/glossary\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/glossary\/\">Glossary<\/a>&nbsp;contains explanations on multiple topics and can be consulted to clarify certain terms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prerequisite<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Access to <a href=\"https:\/\/mg.n0c.com\/en\/\">https:\/\/mg.n0c.com\/en\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is an SSH Key?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An <strong>SSH key<\/strong> allows you to create a secure connection on an unsecured network such as the Internet. It is used for authentication and consists of two parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a public key that is available to everyone (the client and the server);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a private key that is kept secret (it is known only to the client and stored on their own machine).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The advantage of using an SSH key to establish a secure connection is that only the public key needs to be installed on the server. The private key, kept secret on the client, allows the user to be authenticated without transmitting the password over the network. Optionally, this private key can be protected by a passphrase, adding an extra layer of security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Remote Connection via SSH (N0C GUI Mode)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You will need at least four&nbsp; credentials to connect via SSH: the server address, the username, the password and the port.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you intend to connect remotely to the console by securing your data with the SSH protocol and if the machine you are working on is equipped with OSX or Linux, this causes no difficulty: you have everything you need to start and use SSH from the terminal without any particular application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, if you work on other operating systems, such as Windows, some software manipulations need to be done. For Windows, you will have to install the third-party application <strong>PuTTY<\/strong> (it is the most popular and is recommended). Its downloading process will be explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Connect With SSH password to your Hosting Under Microsoft Windows Environment<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before downloading and installing <strong>PuTTY<\/strong>, you must get your username and password. To do so:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Connect on your hoster&#8217;s website.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Find the password of your domain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Copy your password in the clipboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Download <strong>PuTTY<\/strong> from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chiark.greenend.org.uk\/~sgtatham\/putty\/latest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">its official website<\/a>. Click on the installation program (here, <strong>putty-64bit-0.74-installer.msi<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Run <strong>PuTTY<\/strong>. Make sure that the SSH radio button is automatically activated under <strong>Connection type <\/strong>in <strong>PuTTY Configuration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enter the IP address of your server or the hostname (for example, <strong>node2-ca.n0c.com<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enter the proper <strong>port<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To save the entered information, so that you don\u2019t have to provide it again at each connection, name the session in the <strong>Saved Sessions<\/strong> field and click on the <strong>Save <\/strong>button.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Launch the SSH session by clicking on the <strong>Open<\/strong> button. The first time, <strong>PuTTY<\/strong> should request a confirmation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As the server displays <strong>login as<\/strong>, identify yourself by entering your username and press the <strong>Enter<\/strong> key on your keyboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enter your&nbsp;password; as you have copied it at step 3, you can do a right click with your mouse (it is normal that no characters are displayed when typing the password).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A message from the hosting server is then displayed, proving that you have successfully connected with your SSH key.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Type <strong>logout<\/strong> to disconnect.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Connect with SSH Password to Your Hosting from the MacOSX Environment of Apple Computers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The program being native, you just have to activate it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Launch the terminal by opening <strong>Applications<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Utilities<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Terminal<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Type the following command by replacing <strong>user<\/strong> with the username you intend to connect with, <strong>serverip<\/strong> with the IP address of the server to connect with, and <strong>port<\/strong> with the appropriate port.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh user@serverip -p port<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>Press the <strong>Enter<\/strong> key on your keyboard to launch the SSH connection; enter the password (no character is displayed when it is typed) and press <strong>Enter<\/strong> once again.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If it is your first connexion, the terminal will ask you if you can trust the remote host and if you intend to stock the rsa2 key in memory; you can then type <strong>yes<\/strong> on your keyboard.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Remote Connection to a Hosting with a Private SSH Key&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We have explained how to connect to your hosting via the SSH GUI. Now, we will explain how to establish such a connexion by generating an SSH key (public and private pair).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No matter the operating system, the steps are the same:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Generate the keys.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Send your public key to the remote server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Test the connection.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>We will show the procedure for MS-Windows, Mac OS, Linux\/Unix (Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Debian, Deepin, etc.), Solaris, Free BSD and Chrome OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote connection with SSH key under <\/strong>MS-<strong>Windows<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1 \u2013 Create New Public and Private Keys<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Even if many methods exist, we will explain only one using the <strong>PuTTYgen <\/strong>tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If <strong>PuTTYgen<\/strong> is not already installed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Install <strong>PuTTYgen<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chiark.greenend.org.uk\/~sgtatham\/putty\/latest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>, and select <strong>puttygen.exe<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>PuTTY Key Generator<\/strong> interface,&nbsp; make sure that the number of bits is at least 2048.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click on the <strong>Generate<\/strong> button and, as requested, move your mouse in the empty zone (this contributes to randomly generate the private key).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click on the <strong>Save private key<\/strong> button.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Save the private key under the name <strong>id_rsa.ppk<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click on <strong>Save<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The dialog box <strong>Key<\/strong> \/ <strong>Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file<\/strong> contains the public key that has been generated.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2 \u2013 Copy the Public Key on the Remote Server<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Launch <strong>PuTTY<\/strong> and connect to the server with your existing user identification information, as previously explained in \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/knowledge-base\/how-to-create-an-ssh-key-and-connect-to-an-account\/#:~:text=will%20be%20explained.-,Connect%20With%20SSH%20password%20to%20your%20Hosting%20Under%20Microsoft%20Windows%20Environment,-Before%20downloading%20and\">Connect With SSH password to your Hosting Under Microsoft Windows Environment<\/a>\u00bb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>PuTTY Key Generator<\/strong> interface, highlight the public key (starting with <strong>ssh-rsa<\/strong>) and copy the text (press <strong>CTRL + C<\/strong> on keyboard).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Follow the instructions provided in the article <a href=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/knowledge-base\/how-to-manage-your-ssh-access\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How to Manage Your SSH Access<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/knowledge-base\/how-to-manage-your-ssh-access\/#how-to-add-a-public-key\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">add a public key<\/a>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When your key is displayed in the <strong>SSH Keys<\/strong>&nbsp;window, type <strong>logout <\/strong>to disconnect from the server.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3 \u2013 Test Authentication with SSH Key<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Close the <strong>PuTTYgen<\/strong> tool and open <strong>PuTTY<\/strong> again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the <strong>PuTTY Configuration<\/strong> window, under <strong>Session<\/strong>, enter <strong>Host Name (or<\/strong> <strong>IP address)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Go to <strong>Connection<\/strong> &gt; <strong>SSH <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Auth<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click on the <strong>Browse<\/strong> button under <strong>Authentication parameters<\/strong> \/ <strong>Private key file for authentication<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Localize the <strong>id_rsa.ppk<\/strong> private key and click on the <strong>Open&nbsp;<\/strong>button.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Finally, in <strong>PuTTY Configuration<\/strong>, click on the <strong>Open<\/strong> button again to connect remotely to the server&nbsp; by authentication with both keys.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You should then see the PuTTY screen with the connections to your domain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Type your username.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm that the authentication message with the public key is displayed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote Connection with SSH Key Under Mac OS X<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>We will explain how to record an SSH key on a remote server in order to haveto type only <strong>SSH user@serverip -p port <\/strong>without a password from Mac OS X, <strong>port<\/strong> being the port number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1 \u2013 Create New Public and Private Keys<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enter in the terminal :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh-keygen -t ed25519<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-ht-blocks-messages wp-block-hb-message wp-block-hb-message--withicon is-style-info\">On very old systems, use :<br>ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>The terminal displays:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Generating public\/private rsa key pair.<br>Enter file in which to save the key (\/Users\/johann\/.ssh\/id_rsa):<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>Validate to keep the default directory (most simple approach).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Optionally choose a password for using the key (leave blank to allow the key to be used without a password):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"5\">\n<li>Validate two times.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The key is displayed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2 \u2013 Copy the Public Key on the Remote Server&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Send your key to the remote server (in the distant user\u2019s .ssh folder). Here is an example to adapt to your needs:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh-copy-id utilisateur@ipduserveur -p port<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>The SSH password is then asked for the last time. Complete and validate.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3 \u2013 Test the Authentication with the SSH Key<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enter following text&nbsp;:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh user@serverip -p port<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>If no password is requested, everything is functional.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote Connection with SSH Key Under Linux\/Unix (Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Debian, Deepin, etc.)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before generating an SSH key,&nbsp;make sure that your machine is compatible with SSH connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1 \u2013 Create the New Public and Private Keys<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow the same approach as for MacOS X.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2 \u2013 Copy the Public Key on the Remote Server<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The next step consists of putting the public key in the distant server\u2019s authorized_keys file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Type the following command, where <strong>serverip -p port<\/strong> represents the IP address of your remote server and where <strong>user<\/strong> represents the name of the server user:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh-copy-id user@serverip -p port<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>A similar warning message is then displayed:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">The authenticity of host 'Server's IP address' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is ... Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes\/no)?<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>Type <strong>yes<\/strong> in the command line and press the <strong>Enter<\/strong> key. This message is then displayed:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">Warning: Permanently added 'SERVER IP' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. user@serverip's password:<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"4\">\n<li>Here, you have to enter the remote server user\u2019s password (in most cases, the username is <strong>root<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After having entered the password, another welcome message is displayed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Try to connect to the machine with \u00ab <strong>ssh user@serverip -p port <\/strong>\u00bb, and make sure that no additional key has been entered in <strong>~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys*<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3 \u2013 Test Authentication with SSH Key<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In this step, you have to connect to the server with this command:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh user@serverip -p port<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>The new public key having been added to your distant server, each time you will connect to it, you will not be obliged to enter a password (unless you have configured a secret phrase for your RSA key).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote Connection with SSH Key Under Solaris<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Refer to the article available at this link: <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/cd\/E78370_01\/html\/E74671\/generatesshkeys.html\">https:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/cd\/E78370_01\/html\/E74671\/generatesshkeys.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote Connection with SSH Key Under <\/strong><\/strong>Free BSD<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Refer to the article available at this link: <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.freebsd.org\/en\/books\/handbook\/security\/#openssh\">https:\/\/docs.freebsd.org\/en\/books\/handbook\/security\/#openssh<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><strong>Remote Connection with SSH Key Under <\/strong>ChromeOS<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Refer to the articles available at the following links:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.makeuseof.com\/use-ssh-on-chromebook\/\">https:\/\/www.makeuseof.com\/use-ssh-on-chromebook\/<\/a>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In French only: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phhsnews.com\/how-to-use-ssh-tunnelling-on-chrome-os153\">https:\/\/www.phhsnews.com\/how-to-use-ssh-tunnelling-on-chrome-os153<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview The use of SSH keys is of utmost importance in regards to safety on the Web. They allow you to safely execute commands on a server remotely. Before beginning this article, we will briefly explain the SSH protocol. Then, we will cover the section Files, SSH Connections in N0C,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"ht-kb-category":[376],"ht-kb-tag":[],"class_list":["post-1902","ht_kb","type-ht_kb","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","ht_kb_category-technical_advice"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Create an SSH Key and Connect to an Account Remotely - N0C KB<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kb.n0c.com\/en\/knowledge-base\/how-to-create-an-ssh-key-and-connect-to-an-account\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Create an SSH Key and Connect to an Account Remotely - N0C KB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Overview The use of SSH keys is of utmost importance in regards to safety on the Web. 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